Description

Shadow is one of the important depth cue in minimal acceess surgery to improve the task performance of operating surgeon. An optimal shadow casting image with 20 to 30% contrast substantially increases the task performance in Minimal access surgery at it should be used to improve the efficiency of the operating surgeon. Fibre-optic light bundles can be deployed inside a super-elastic diverging shape memory alloy tubes to provide ceiling shadow-casting illumination. Such system also provides a balance between illumination and shadow contrast. Further research is required to develop the ideal shadow-producing video-endoscopic system.